RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FRAMEWORK
FOR MUCOSAL SURFACE PATHOLOGY.
DRAFT COPY ONLY.
3/4/2008.

G. William Moore, MD, PhD.
Grace F. Kao, MD.
Lawrence A. Brown, MD.
http://www.netautopsy.org/mucordfh.htm
http://www.netautopsy.org/mucordfh.ppt


Dr. Moore     Dr. Kao     Dr. Brown

Send comments and correspondence to: George.Moore4@va.gov




0. ABSTRACT: APIII #324.

 Resource Description Framework for Mucosal Surface Pathology.
 G. William Moore, MD, PhD (George.Moore4@va.gov) [1,2,3];
 Lawrence A. Brown, MD [1,2]; Grace F. Kao, MD [1,4].
 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs
 Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD [1]; Department of Pathology,
 University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, MD [2]; Department
 of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD [3];
 and Department of Dermatology, George Washington University School
 of Medicine, Washington, DC [4].
                   http://www.netautopsy.org/mucordfh.htm 
                                       
 Content: Tumors of mucosal surfaces are among the most common human
 malignancies.  The pathogenesis of these tumors is well-studied, but
 scattered in articles and textbooks. Resource Description Framework (RDF)
 is a general syntax for writing computer-parsable ordered triples, that
 export meaning among databases on the semantic worldwide web, by binding
 a described datum to a specified subject. Internet web-crawler programs
 can interrogate multiple RDF documents, and draw inferences from these
 ordered triples.
                                
 Technology: Perl programming language, classical propositional logic,
 non-monotonic logic.
                                      
 Design: We propose a hierarchical classification for human mucosal surface
 tumors, and present a Perl computer script for translating this hierarchy
 into RDF code, in the style of the Laboratory Data Imaging Project.
 This hierarchical classification employs classical logic, with additional
 features to handle non-monotonic logic ("Sutton's Law") and ethical
 constraints ("first do no harm").
                    
 Results: This human mucosal surface tumor RDF class hierarchy is
 mathematically consistent. Over 200 theorems of classical and modal logic
 are proved in the system. An Intercalation Theorem (for inserting
 new concepts) and a Retirement Theorem (for removing obsolete concepts)
 are stated and proved.
                                               
 Conclusion: This RDF hierarchy serves to organize the vast knowledge of
 mucosal surface pathology in the format of the semantic worldwide web,
 in a manner that incorporates both clinical and pathologic findings.

1. DISCLAIMER.

United States Government Work, uncopyrighted, public-domain, DRAFT COPY ONLY. This document does not necessarily represent the views or policies of any United States Government agency. This document is provided "as is", without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. In no event shall the authors be liable for any claim, damages or other liability, whether in an action of contract, tort or otherwise, arising from, out of, or in connection with the document or the use or other dealings made with the document.

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.


0. APIII Abstract #324.
1. Disclaimer.
2. Table of Contents.
3. Eposter.
4. Appendix A. Proofs.
5. Appendix B. RDF Resources.
6. Appendix C. Sample Hierarchy.
7. Appendix D. Sample RDF/XML Abstract.
8. Appendix E. Perl Scripts.
9. Appendix F. Zeman Modal Logic Theorems.
10. Appendix G. References.
11. Appendix H. Notes.

3. EPOSTER.



1. RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FRAMEWORK (RDF).


  • Initiative of Worldwide Web Consortium (www.w3c.org).
  • Exchange of MEANING (semantic) context on worldwide web.
  • Not just DISPLAY.
  • Sample Ordered Triple: <bill_moore,cancer,yes>.

    2. CLASSICAL WORLDWIDE WEB.


  • Display only
  • HTML
  • Perl, Python, Ruby
  • C, Java

    3. ORDERED TRIPLES ON RDF.


  • Sample Ordered Triple: <bill_moore,cancer,yes>.
  • Detailed sample ordered Triple: <bill_moore,squamous_cell_carcinoma_arising_hypertrophic_actinic_keratosis_right_dorsal_wrist,yes>.
  • Ordered Triple: <subject,metadata,data>.
  • Ordered Triple: <subject,predicate,object>.

    4. ORDERED TRIPLES ON RDF.


  • Ordered Triple: <subject,metadata,data>.
  • Ordered Triple: <subject,predicate,object>.
  • Subject: Universal Resource Index, e.g., http://www.gwmoore.org/gwmcv.htm
  • Metadata: RDF classes, available on the worldwide web.
  • Data: binary, categorical, interval, quantitative.

    5. RDF CLASS RULES.


  • Strict monoparental hierarchy of classes.
  • All subclasses must be represented explicitly.
  • No class OTHER or MISCELLANEOUS.
  • Indefinite number of subdivisions.
  • Mathematically consistent.

    6. PROBLEMS WITH RDF CLASSES.


  • Strict monoparental hierarchy of classes difficult to achieve.
  • Some classes arguably have multiple class-parents.
  • Some classes are more equal than others (Sutton's Law).

    7. RDF PROPERTIES.


  • Multiple parents possible.
  • Messier mathematical properties.
  • Should be avoided for important concepts, when possible.
  • Everyone has a different idea of what is important.

    7.1. RDF CLASS: GENDER PARADOX.


  • Strict monoparental hierarchy of classes. 
     +anypatient
    -anatomy
    +anatomy
       -genitourinary
       +genitourinary
          +kidney,ureters,+urinary_bladder
          +internal_genitalia:+female,+male,...
          +external_genitalia:+female,+male,...

  • Is female/male an RDF CLASS?
  • If so, where does the separation begin?

    8. SUTTON'S LAW.


  • Sutton's Law: Go where the money is.
  • RARE and NOT USUALLY are removed in initial analysis.
  • Uncommon classes are repatriated to avoid contradiction.
  • Example: initial analysis of lichenoid dermatoses,excluding diseases that usually have sparse infiltrates (lupus, gvhd,poikiloderma,...).

    9. TUMORS OF MUCOSAL SURFACES.


  • Most common human malignancies.
  • Pathogenesis well-studied.
  • Details scattered in articles, textbooks.

    10. LICHENOID DERMATITIS.


  • Dense, band-like upper dermal inflammation.
  • Lichenoid_actinic_keratosis:rare_but_important.
  • Lichenoid_drug
  • Lichenoid_fixed_drug
  • Lichenoid_bite_arthropod
  • Lichenoid_infection
  • Lichen_planus

    11. SUMMARY OF LICHENOID DERMATITIDES.


  • Lichenoid_actinic_keratosis
  • Lichenoid_drug
  • Lichenoid_fixed_drug
  • Lichenoid_bite_arthropod
  • Lichenoid_infection
  • Lichen_planus
  • Lichen_simplex_chronicus:rare
  • Lichen_sclerosus_et_atrophicus:rare
  • Lichenoid_benign_keratosis:rare
  • Lichenoid_photodermatitis:rare
  • Lichen_nitidus:rare
  • Parapsoriasis:rare
  • Chronic_progressive_pigmented_purpura:rare
  • Mycosis_fungoides_patch_stage:rare
  • Lichenoid_lupus:rare
  • Lichenoid_gvhd:rare

    12. IMAGES.


  • Lichenoid_actinic_keratosis
  • Lichenoid_drug
  • Lichenoid_fixed_drug
  • Lichenoid_bite_arthropod
  • Lichenoid_infection
  • Lichen_planus
  • Lichen_simplex_chronicus
  • Lichen_sclerosus_et_atrophicus
  • Lichenoid_benign_keratosis
  • Lichenoid_lupus:rare
  • Lichenoid_gvhd:rare

    13. EXAMPLE: SUMMARY OF LICHEN PLANUS.


  • Physical_examination: Pruritic, flat-topped purple papules.
  • Physical_examination: White dots (fine scale).
  • Distribution: wrist, elbow, glans penis, rare.
  • Distribution: Fourth decade, fifth, sixth decades, rare.
  • Pathogenesis: idiopathic.
  • Duration: self-limited.
  • Microscopic:+hyperplasia:+granular_layer
  • Microscopic:+hydropic_change:basal_layer
  • Microscopic:+liquefaction.
  • Microscopic:+epidermis:+eosinophilic_colloid_body.
  • Microscopic:+saw-tooth:rete ridges.
  • Microscopic: Superficial_dermal_bandlike_chronic_inflammation:papillary dermis.

    14. SUMMARY OF RDF CLASS STRUCTURE. 

     +anypatient
    +etiology:+drug,+sepsis,+arthropod_bite,
    +pathogenesis
    +frequency:+common,+uncommon,+rare.
    +demographics:+sex,+age.
    +medical_history:+drug,+arthropod_bite.
    +distribution:+face,+scalp,+neck,+chest,+back,+arm,+hand,
      +leg,+inguinal,+foot.
    +sequela:+sepsis,+limb_flexure,+dysplasia,+neoplasia,+metastasis.
    +duration:+self_limited,+acute,+subacute,+chronic.
    +physical_examination:+pruritus,+plaque,+macule,
          +papule,+scale,+vesicle,+bulla.
    +microscopic
       +silhouette:<Ackerman AB. .....>
       +high_power
    +microscopic:+telangiectasia,+scale,+crust,+acanthosis,+lichenification,
          +hyperkeratosis,+parakeratosis,+hypergranulosis,+hypogranulosis,
          +spongiosis,+ballooning,+acantholysis,
          +vacuolar change,+dyskeratosis,+papillomatosis,+scarring,
          +fibrosis,+hemosiderin_deposition,+neovascularization,
          +broad_dermal_papilla,+atrophic_granular_layer,
          +inflamed_scale_crust,+extravasated_erythrocytes,+sezary_cell,
          +suprabasal_cleft,+granular_layer_cleft,
    +tissue

    15. DEMOGRAPHIC PARADOX IN RDF CLASS STRUCTURE. 

     +anypatient
    -demographics
    +demographics:+sex,+age.
    +demographics
       -sex
       +sex:+female,+male,+ambiguous.
    +demographics
       -age
       +age:+first_decade,+second_decade,+third_decade,+fourth_decade,
            +fifth_decade,+sixth_decade,+seventh_decade,+eighth_decade.
       +age
          -first_decade
          +first_decade:+neonate,+infant,+second_year,+third_year,
                +fourth_year,+fifth_year,+sixth_year,+seventh_year,
                +eighth_year,+ninth_year,+tenth_year.

    16. SKIN SURFACES IN RDF CLASS STRUCTURE. 

     +anypatient
    -tissue
    +tissue
       -mucus_membrane
       +mucus_membrane
          -skin
          +skin
             -skin_reaction
             +skin_reaction
                +interface_dermatitis
                   +lichenoid_dermatitis
                      ++dense_bandlike_superficial_dermal_infiltrate
                   +lichenoid_dermatitis
                      +lichenoid_actinic_keratosis
                      +lichenoid_drug
                      +lichenoid_fixed_drug
                      +lichenoid_bite_arthropod
                      +lichenoid_infection
                      +lichen_planus
                      +rare
                         +epidermolytic_hyperkeratosis_pattern
                         +acantholytic_dyskeratosis_pattern
                         +cornoid lamellation_pattern
                         +papillomatosis_pattern
                         +acral_angiofibroma_pattern
                         +eosinophilic_cellulitis_pattern
                         +transepithelial_elimination_pattern
                   +sparse_dermal_infiltrate
                +psoriasiform_dermatitis
                   +psoriasis
                   +aids_psoriasiform_dermatitis
                   +pustular_psoriasis
                   +reiter_syndrome
                   +pityriasis_rubra_pilaris
                   +parapsoriasis
                   +lichen_simplex_chronicus
                   +rare
                      +subacute_spongiotic_dermatitis
                      +erythroderma
                      +mycosis_fungoides
                      +chronic_candidosis
                      +dermatophytosis
                      +linear_verrucous_epidermal_nevus
                      +norwegian_scabies
                      +bowen_disease_psoriasiform
                      +clear_cell_acanthoma
                      +lamellar_ichthyosis
                      +pityriasis_rosea
                      +pellagra
                      +acrodermatitis_enteropathica
                      +glucagonoma_syndrome
                      +secondary_syphilis
                +spongiotic_dermatitis
                   +neutrophilic_spongiosis
                      +pustular_psoriasis
                      +iga_pemphigus
                      +acute_generalized_exanthematous_pustulosis
                      +dermatophytosis
                      +candidosis
                      +beetle_dermatitis
                   +eosinophilic_spongiosis
                      +pemphigus_precursor
                      +pemphigus_vegetans
                      +bullous_pemphigoid
                      +idiopathic_eosinophilic_spongiosis
                      +eosinophilic_eruption
                      +polymorphic_eruption
                      +pruritic_eruption
                      +allergic_contact_dermatitis
                      +arthropod_bite
                      +eosinophilic_folliculitis
                      +incontinentia_pigmenti
                   +miliarial_spongiosis
                   +follicular_spongiosis
                      +infundibulofolliculitis
                      +eosinophilic_folliculitis
                      +atopic_dermatitis_follicular
                      +apocrine_miliaria
                      +eosinophilic_folliculitis
                   +rare
                      +irritant_contact_dermatitis
                      +allergic_contact_dermatitis
                      +protein_contact_dermatitis
                      +nummular_dermatitis
                      +sulzberger_garbe_dermatitis
                      +seborrheic_dermatitis
                      +atopic_dermatitis
                      +papular_dermatitis
                      +hyperkeratotic_dermatitis
                      +juvenile_plantar_dermatitis
                      +vein_graft_donor_site_dermatitis
                      +stasis_dermatitis
                      +autoeczematous_dermatitis
                      +pityriasis_rosea
                      +papular acrodermatitis
                      +...
                +vesiculobullous_dermatitis
                   +intracorneal_blister
                   +subcorneal_blister
                   +intraepidermal_blister
                   +suprabasilar_blister
                   +subepidermal_blister
                      +subepidermal_blister_pauciinflammatory
                      +subepidermal_blister_lymphocytic
                      +subepidermal_blister_eosinophilic
                      +subepidermal_blister_neutrophilic
                      +subepidermal_blister_mastocytic
                   +rare
                      +drug_overdose_bulla
                      +methyl_bromide_bulla
                      +etretinate_bulla
                      +puva_bulla
                      +cancer_bulla
                      +lymphatic_bulla
                +granulomatous_dermatitis
                   +sarcoid_granuloma
                   +tuberculoid_granuloma
                   +necrobiotic_granuloma
                      +granuloma_annulare
                      +necrobiosis_lipoidica
                      +necrobiotic_xanthogranuloma
                      +rheumatoid_nodule
                      +rheumatic_fever_nodule
                      +foreign_body_reaction
                      +vaccination_reaction
                   +suppurative_granuloma
                      +
                   +foreign_body_granuloma
                      +exogenous
                      +endogenous
                   +rare
                +vasculopathic_dermatitis
                +skin_reaction_inflammatory
                   +skin_reaction_superficial_perivascular_inflammation
                   +skin_reaction_superficial_dermal_inflammation
                   +skin_reaction_deep_dermal_inflammation
                   +skin_reaction_folliculitis_inflammation
                   +skin_reaction_perifolliculitis_inflammation
                   +skin_reaction_panniculitis_inflammation
                +rare
                   +epidermolytic_hyperkeratosis
                   +acantholytic_dyskeratosis
                   +cornoid_lamella
                   +papillomatosis
                   +acral_angiofibroma
                   +eosinophilic_cellulitis
                   +transepithelial_elimination
          +skin
             -skin_disorder_by_region
             +skin_disorder_epidermis
                +skin_disorder_epidermis_keratinization
                +skin_disorder_epidermis_pigmentation
             +skin_disorder_dermis_subcutis
                +skin_disorder_collagen
                +skin_disorder_elastic_tissue
                +skin_disorder_mucinosis
                +skin_disorder_deposition
                +skin_disorder_appendage
                +skin_disorder_cyst
                   +cyst_appendageal
                   +cyst_developmental
                   +cyst_lymphatic
                   +rare
                      +parasitic_cyst
                      +pheomycotic_cyst
                      +digital_mucous_cyst
                      +mucocele
                      +metaplastic_synovial_cyst
                      +auricular_pseudocyst
                +skin_disorder_sinus
                   +congenital_midline_cervical_cleft
                   +cutaneous_dental_sinus
                   +pilonidal_sinus
                +skin_disorder_pit
                   +congenital_lower_lip_pit
                +skin_disorder_panniculitis
             +skin_disorder_systemic
                +skin_disorder_metabolic_storage_disease
                +skin_disorder_drug_reaction
                +skin_disorder_physical_agent
          +skin
             -skin_infestation
             +skin_infestation
                +skin_infestation_bacterium
                   +superficial_pyogenic
                   +deep_pyogenic
                   +corynebacterium
                   +neisseria
                   +mycobacterium
                   +rare_bacterial
                      +anthrax
                      +brucella
                      +yersinia
                      +granuloma_inguinale
                      +chancroid
                      +rhinoslceroma
                      +tularemia
                      +listeria
                      +cat_scratch
                      +malakoplakia
                      +sago_palm
                   +chlamydia
                +skin_infestation_ricketsia
                +skin_infestation_spirochete
                +skin_infestation_mycosis
                   +superficial_filamentous
                   +yeast
                   +systemic
                   +dematiaceous_fungus
                   +mycetoma
                   +zygomycosis
                   +hyalohyphomycosis
                   +rare
                      +keloidal_blastomycosis
                      +rhinosporidiosis
                +skin_infestation_alga
                   +protothecosis
                +skin_infestation_virus
                   +poxvirus
                   +herpesvirus
                   +papovavirus
                   +picornavirus
                   +rare
                      +parvovirus
                      +measles
                      +togavirus
                      +hepatitis_a_virus
                      +hepatitis_b_virus
                      +hepatitis_c_virus
                      +kikuchi_disease
                      +asymmetric_periflexural_exanthem
                      +aids
                      +human_t_lymphocyte_virus_i
                +skin_infestation_protozoa
                +skin_infestation_helminth
                +skin_infestation_arthropod
                +skin_infestation_marine_injury
          +skin
             -skin_dysplasia_tumor
             +skin_dysplasia_tumor
                +skin_tumor_melanocyte
                   +lentigo
                      +solar_lentigo
                      +lentigo_simplex
                      +multiple_lentigines
                      +genital_melanotic_macule
                      +lentiginous_nevus
                      +speckled_lentiginous_nevus
                      +puva_lentigo
                      +scar_lentigo
                   +melanocytic_nevus
                      +junctional_nevus
                      +compound_nevus
                      +intradermal_nevus
                      +meyerson_nevus
                      +ancient_nevus
                      +deep_penetrating_nevus
                      +balloon_cell_nevus
                      +halo_nevus
                      +cockarde_nevus
                      +eccrine_nevus
                      +recurrent_nevus
                      +spitz_nevus
                      +pigmented_spindle_cell_nevus
                      +congenital_nevus
                   +dermal_melanocyte
                      +mongolian_spot
                      +nevus_ota
                      +nevus_ito
                      +blue_nevus
                      +cellular_blue_nevus
                      +blue_nevus_like_metastatic_melanoma
                      +malignant_blue_nevus
                      +dermal_melanocyte_hamartoma
                      +phakomatosis_pigmentovascularis
                      +cutaneous_neurocristic_hamartoma
                   +atypical_nevomelanocyte
                      +dysplastic_nevus
                      +lentiginous_dysplastic_nevus
                   +malignant_melanocyte
                      +malignant_melanoma
                      +squamo_melanocytic_tumor
                +skin_tumor_appendage
                +skin_tumor_fibrous_tissue
                +skin_tumor_fat
                   +nevus_lipomatosus
                   +piezogenic_pedal_papule
                   +lipoblastoma
                   +lipofibromatosis
                   +pseudolipomatosis_cutis
                   +lipoma
                   +lipomatosis
                   +angio_lipoma
                   +spindle_cell_lipoma
                   +sclerotic_lipoma
                   +pleomorphic_lipoma
                   +chondroid_lipoma
                   +hibernoma
                   +liposarcoma
                       +liposarcoma
                          +liposarcoma_well_differentiated
                          +liposarcoma_round_cell
                          +liposarcoma_myxomatous
                          +liposarcoma_pleomorphic
                             +liposarcoma_pleomorphic_inflammatory
                             +liposarcoma_pleomorphic_dedifferentiated
                +skin_tumor_smooth_muscle
                   +leiomyoma
                   +angioleiomyoma
                   +smooth_muscle_hamartoma
                   +leiomyosarcoma
                +skin_tumor_striated_muscle
                   +striated_muscle_hamartoma
                   +rhabdomyoma
                   +rhabdomyosarcoma
                   +malignant_rhabdoid_tumor
                +skin_tumor_cartilage
                   +chondroma
                   +subungual osteochondroma
                   +chondroma
                   +chordoma
                +skin_tumor_bone
                   +osteosarcoma
                +skin_tumor_neural_neurendocrine
                +skin_tumor_vascular
                +skin_tumor_metastasis
                +skin_tumor_infiltrate_lymphoid
                +skin_tumor_infiltrate_nonlymphoid

    GENERAL MUCOSAL SURFACES IN RDF CLASS STRUCTURE. 

     +anypatient
    -tissue
    +tissue
       -mucus_membrane
       +mucus_membrane
          +urothelium
             +ductal
                +prostate:+male
             +large_viscus_lining
                +renal_pelvis
                +ureter
                +urinary_bladder
                +urethra:+female,+male
                +penile_urethra:+male
                +vas_deferens:+male
          +respiratory_epithelium
             +oral_mucosa
             +laryngeal_mucosa
             +tracheobronchial_mucosa
             +bronchiolar_mucosa
             +alveolar_mucosa
          +gastrointestinal_epithelium
             +ductal
                +hepatic
                +pancreatic
             +large_viscus_lining
                +buccal
                +pharyngeal
                +esophageal
                +gastric
                +duodenal
                +jejunal
                +ileal
                +colonic
                +rectal
                +anal
          +genitourinary_epithelium
             +ductal
                +endometrium:+female
                +endocervix:+female
             +large_viscus_lining
                +vagina:+female
                +uterine_cervix:+female
                +fallopian_tube:+female
          +breast_epithelium
             +ductal
          +skin
             +tissue_reaction_dysplastic
             +tissue_reaction_neoplastic
             +tissue_reaction_noninflammatory
                +interface_dermatitis_pattern
                   +lichenoid_pattern
                      =dense_bandlike_infiltrate_upper_dermal.
                   +sparse_upper_dermal_infiltrate
                      +poikiloderma
                         +poikiloderma_atrophicans_vasculare
                            +mycosis_fungoides
                            +lupus_erythematosus
                   +intermediate_upper_dermal_infiltrate
                +psoriasiform_pattern
                +spongiotic_pattern
                +vesiculobullous_pattern
                +granulomatous_pattern
                +vasculopathic_pattern
                +rare
                   +epidermolytic_hyperkeratosis_pattern
                   +acantholytic_dyskeratosis_pattern
                   +cornoid lamellation_pattern
                   +papillomatosis_pattern
                   +acral_angiofibroma_pattern
                   +eosinophilic_cellulitis_pattern
                   +transepithelial_elimination_pattern
                +tissue_reaction_inflammatory
                   +superficial_perivascular_inflammation
                   +superficial_deep_dermal_perivascular_inflammation
                   +folliculitis_perifolliculitis_inflammation
                   +panniculitis_inflammation

    17. LICHENOID PATTERN IN RDF CLASS STRUCTURE. 

     +anypatient
    -lichenoid_pattern
    +lichenoid_pattern
       =dense_bandlike_infiltrate_upper_dermis
       =lichenoid_dermatitis
    +lichenoid_pattern
       +lichenoid_actinic_keratosis
       +lichenoid_drug
       +lichenoid_fixed_drug
       +lichenoid_bite_arthropod
       +lichenoid_infection
       +lichen_planus
       +lichen_simplex_chronicus
       +lichen_sclerosus_et_atrophicus
       +lichenoid_benign_keratosis
    +lichenoid_pattern
       -rare
       +rare
          +lichen_planopilaris
          +erythema_dyschromicum_perstans
          +lichen_planus_pemphigoides
          +lichen_nitidus
          +lichen_striatus
          +lichenoid_lupus
          +lichenoid_gvhd
          +lichenoid_poikiloderma
          +lichenoid_erythema_multiforme
          +lichenoid_+poikiloderma
          +lichenoid_lupus_erythematosus
                         


    
       +lichenoid_pattern
             +lichenoid_actinic_keratosis
                +sequela:+squamous_cell_carcinoma
             +lichenoid_drug
                +apoptosis
                +usually:-civatte_body
             +lichenoid_fixed_drug
                +melanin_incontinence
                +same_location_drug_challenged
             +lichenoid_bite_arthropod
                +increased_eosinophils
             +lichenoid_infection
                +lues_secondary:+increased_plasma_cells
                +Tinea:+fungal_hyphae.
             +lichen_planus
                +civatte_body_prominent
                +band_like_inflammation
                +wedge_hypergranulosis
                +hypertrophic_form
                +physical_examination:+flattop_papule,+non-pruritic.
                -plasma_cell
                -parakeratosis
             +lichenoid_gvhd:+rare
                +usually:+sparse_upper_dermal_infiltrate
             +lichen_simplex_chronicus
             +lichen_sclerosus_et_atrophicus
                          


    
             +lichen_planopilaris:hair_loss
             +erythema_dyschromicum_perstans
                 +ashy_dermatosis
                 +usually:+sparse_infiltrate.
             +lichen_planus_pemphigoides:blistering.
             +lichen_nitidus
                +physical_examination
                   +small_lesion_less_1cm
                +microscopic:
                   +welldefined_border
             +lichen_striatus:+milial.
             +lichenoid_benign_keratosis
                +physical_examination:pearly_papule.
             +lichenoid_lupus:+rare
                +usually:+sparse_upper_dermal_infiltrate
                +basement_membrane:+IgG,+C3
                +increased_dermal_mucin
                +periadnexal_infiltrate
             +lichenoid_gvhd:+rare
                +usually:+sparse_upper_dermal_infiltrate
                +satellite_cell_necrosis
                   +apoptotic_keratinocyte
                   +surrounding_killer_t_cell
             +lichenoid_poikiloderma:+rare
                +usually:+sparse_upper_dermal_infiltrate
                   +poikiloderma
                      +poikiloderma_atrophicans_vasculare
                         +mycosis_fungoides
                         +lupus_erythematosus
             +lichenoid_erythema_multiforme:+rare
                +usually:+sparse_upper_dermal_infiltrate
                +erythema_multiforme
                   +sequela:+toxic_epidermal_necrolysis
                   +apoptosis
                   +viral:-eosinophils
                   +drug:+eosinophils
            +lichenoid_+poikiloderma:+rare
                +poikiloderma
                   +poikiloderma_atrophicans_vasculare
                       +mycosis_fungoides
                       +lupus_erythematosus
             +lichenoid_lupus_erythematosus:+rare
                +usually:+sparse_upper_dermal_infiltrate
                +lupus_erythematosus
                   +discoid_lupus_erythematosus:+rare
                   +subacute_lupus_erythematosus:+rare
                   +systemic_lupus_erythematosus:+rare

    18. BERMAN'S MINIMAL CRITERIA:
    BIOMEDICAL PROGRAMMING.


  • Free.
  • Fast.
  • Easy to learn.
  • Large user community.

    19. BERMAN'S MINIMAL CRITERIA:
    BIOMEDICAL PROGRAMMING.


  • Easy environment for correcting errors.
  • Large, available library of specialized modules.
  • Built-in pattern recognition commands.

    20. BERMAN'S MINIMAL CRITERIA:
    BIOMEDICAL PROGRAMMING.


  • Three computer languages:
  • Perl.
  • Python.
  • Ruby.

    21. RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FRAMEWORK (RDF).


  • General syntax for writing ordered triples.
  • Computer-parsable.
  • Export meaning among databases on semantic worldwide web.
  • Binding a described datum to a specified subject.
  • Internet web-crawler programs draw inferences from ordered triples.

    22. TECHNOLOGY.


  • Perl programming language.
  • Classical propositional logic.
  • Non-monotonic logic.

    23. METHODS.


  • Hierarchical classification for mucosal surface tumors.
  • Perl script for translating into RDF code.
  • Style of Laboratory Data Imaging Project (LDIP).

    24. LOGIC MODEL.


  • Classical propositional logic.
  • Non-monotonic logic ("Sutton's Law").
  • Ethical constraints ("first do no harm").

    25. NAMESPACE.


  • Strict hierarchy of all concepts in the ontology.
  • Each name appears exactly once.
  • Each name has exactly one parent, except...
  • Ultimate name has no parent.
  • Negations not allowed.

    26. RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FRAMEWORK (RDF).


  • Mathematical consistency:
  • No statement and its negation may be deduced.
  • Negations and multiple parents not allowed in RDF.
  • Namespace formalism is consistent by construction. (Theorem§1).

    27. LABORATORY DIGITAL IMAGING PROJECT.


  • RDF specification for anatomic pathology.
  • Ultimate_Class.
  • Seven subClasses:
    4. Person, Event, Data_object, Specimen, Reagent, Instrument, Terminology.

    28. EVENT SUBCLASS.


  • Temporal, Spatial, Mass, Temperature, Homunculus.
  • Homunculus: Cardiovascular_system, Respiratory_system, Gastrointestinal_system, Genitourinary_system, Endocrine_system, Musculoskeletal_system, Lymphoreticular_system, Nervous_system, Integumentary_system.
  • Some lumping or spitting is possible
  • Monoparental hierarchy is required.
  • Namespace designer must decide: Fundamental organizing principle of the hierarchy: ontologic commitment (Quine).

    29. EXAMPLE: LDIP FOR CLASS PATIENT.

     Identifier:ldip:Patient
 Class Label:Patient
 versionInfo (required): 0.1
 Registration Authority (required): Association for Pathology Informatics
 Language:en
 Obligation:optional
 Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
 Cardinality (required):/[0-9]+/
 Datatype: Literal
 comment: The patient, unambiguously denoted by the required
 ordered quadruple: patient_name (=patient_surname, patient_givenname,
 patient_honorific), patient_social_security_number, patient_date_of_birth,
 and patient_gender. Includes: patient_insurance.
 subClassOf:Person
 Contributor:Bill Moore
 Date_of_contribution:11-13-2006

    30. MONOPARENTALITY ASSUMPTION.


  • Limited mathematical power.
  • Limited opportunities for mathematical mischief:
          2a. Inconsistency.
          2b. Incomputability.

    31. BIOMEDICAL SEMANTIC CONTENT (MEANING).


  • Pair of (metadata, data), bound to unique subject.
  • Ordered triple: <subject,metadatum,datum>.
  • Example: <bill_moore,actinic_keratosis,yes>.
  • Mathematical notation: <argument,function,value> or <x,f,v>, where:
  • function(argument)=value, or f(x)=y.

    32. SAMPLE ORDERED TRIPLES.


  • <+g_moore,+left_axillary_lymphadenopathy,+no>.
  • <+g_moore,+right_eye_lens_prosthesis,+yes>.
  • <+superman,+xray_vision,+yes>.
  • <+lou_gehrig,+amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis,+yes>.

    33. SPELLING, PUNCTUATION CONVENTIONS.


  • American-English spelling, American-Roman alphabet, all lower case.
  • Blankspace, hyphen, and other punctuation replaced by underline (_).
  • Metadata inheritance: carriagereturn, indentation: ⇒.
  • Metadata sibship: carriagereturn, no indentation: |.
  • Existing standards used, where applicable, freely available.
  • Date/time convention: International Standards Organization, ISO 8601.
  • All stopwords, barrierwords, or low-information words removed.

    34. SHORTHAND CONVENTIONS.


  • Metadata inheritance: carriagereturn, indentation: ⇒. Shorthand :
  • Metadata sibship: carriagereturn, no indentation: |. Shorthand ,

    35. ONLINE EMBRYOLOGY RDF RESOURCES.


  • Nomina Embryologica Veterinaria:
          http://www.wava-amav.org/Downloads/nev_2006.pdf

    36. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY:
    HUMAN DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY, STAGED:


  • http://www.berkeleybop.org/ontologies/obo-all/human-dev-anat-staged/human-dev-anat-staged.obo_xml

    37. ONLINE ANATOMY RDF RESOURCES.


  • Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria:

    38. RELATIONSPACE.


  • List of all relationships among concepts.
  • Includes concepts with negations and multiple parents.

    39. FUZZYSPACE.


  • Levels of certainty within the same concept.
  • Based upon fuzzy set theory.
  • May be necessary to take actions based upon incomplete information.
  • Including: therapy based upon a presumptive diagnosis; decision to collect additional information, such as a skin biopsy.
  • Might inconvenience, or even injure, the patient.

    40. SUTTON'S LAW.


  • medical slang term.
  • In the face of diagnostic uncertainty, use the most likely diagnosis.
  • Named after notorious bank robber, Willie Sutton.
  • "Go where the money is."
  • Fevers of unknown origin (Petersdorf and Beeson, 1961):
  • Treat with the most likely effective antibiotic.

    41. SUTTON'S LAW.


  • Synonyms: black swan, white crow, white raven, unwise Greek, impecunious bank, zebra-in-the-street, essence-vs-accident (Plato), love-truth-more-than-Plato, temporal logic (Avicenna), population-vs-sample (Pearson), multi-valued logic (Łukasiewicz), modal logic (Lewis), fuzzy logic (Zadeh), deviant logic (Haack), non-monotonic logic (Brewka), the mule (Asimov, Foundation Series), paraconsistency (DaCosta) unprovability-of-consistency (Boolos), trust-but-verify (доверяй но проверяй, Reagan), disinformation,.....

    42. ZEBRA RULE.


  • Another version of Sutton's Law: "If you hear hoofbeats in the street, think of horses not zebras."
  • Tertiary-care medical institution sometimes called a zebra farm.
  • Computer science: logic of jumping to conclusions.
  • When the most likely outcome is FALSE, then in classical logic, one obtains an inconsistency.

    43. ZEBRA RULE: MODAL LOGIC.


    1. "If you hear hoofbeats in the street, think of horses not zebras." 
    
 +∀
    ...
       +□∞+hoofbeats_in_street
          +□5+horses
          +□1+zebras
    where □p denotes necessarily p; and ◇p denotes possibly p.
    2. Paraphrased: "If you see a dense, superficial dermal band-like infiltrate with saw-tooth rete ridges, think of lichen planus, not lichenoid graft-versus-host disease." 
    
 +∀
    ...
       +□∞+lichenoid_dermatitis_sawtooth_rete_ridges
          +□5+lichen_planus
          +□1+lichenoid_graft_versus_host_disease

    44. SCHRÖDINGER'S CAT.


  • Cat in a sealed box.
  • Lethal event, 50% probability.
  • Cat not fully dead or alive until box is opened.
  • Event of medical data collection: Schrödinger's Opening.

    45. SCHRÖDINGER'S OPENING.


  • Schrödinger's Opening: Event of medical data collection.
  • Open the box to decide next data collection step.
  • Re-close the box: suspend's Sutton's Law.

    46. CLASSICAL/CRISP SET THEORY.


  • Mathematical theory: collections of abstract objects, or sets.
  • Two PRIMARY OBJECTS of classical set theory:
          2a. SET MEMBERSHIP: ∈;
          2b. EMPTY SET or NULL SET: {} or Ø.

    47. SET THEORY OPERATIONS.


  • Not:   ~.
  • Membership, ∈:   x ∈ X: x belongs to X.
  • Union, ∪:   X = (Y ∪ Z): set of all members of Y or Z or both.
  • Intersection, ∩:   X = (Y ∩ Z): set of all members of both Y and Z.
  • Subset, ⊆:   X ⊆ Y if and only if every member of X is also a member of Y.
  • Superset, ⊇:   X ⊇ Y if and only if every member of Y is also a member of X.
  • Set_subtraction, -:   X = (Y - Z): set of all members of Y but not Z.

    48. FUZZY SET THEORY: ZADEH (1965).


  • Represents different levels of certainty for the same concept.
  • Element p has partial membership in set P: pμvP.
  • v: assumes any value along closed interval, [0,1].
  • Fuzzy is NOT probability.
  • Despite its quirky name, fuzzy is serious mathematics.
  • Ordinal property: If pμvP, and v>w, then pμwP.
  • Classical set theory: special case of fuzzy set theory: either v=0 or v=1.

    49. FUZZY SET THEORY: EXAMPLE.


  • Lichenoid_actinic_keratosis:rare_but_important
  • Lichenoid_drug
  • Lichenoid_fixed_drug
  • Lichenoid_bite_arthropod
  • Lichenoid_infection
  • Lichen_planus
  • Lichen_simplex_chronicus:rare
  • Lichen_sclerosus_et_atrophicus:rare
  • Lichenoid_benign_keratosis:rare
  • Lichenoid_photodermatitis:rare
  • Lichen_nitidus:rare
  • Parapsoriasis:rare
  • Chronic_progressive_pigmented_purpura:rare
  • Mycosis_fungoides_patch_stage:rare
  • Lichenoid_lupus:rare
  • Lichenoid_gvhd:rare

    50. FUZZY SET THEORY: EXAMPLE.


  • Lichenoid_actinic_keratosis:rare_but_important: atypical basal layer.
  • Lichenoid_drug: eosinophils, drug_history, -fixed_drug_history.
  • Lichenoid_fixed_drug: eosinophils, drug_history, fixed_drug_history.
  • Lichenoid_bite_arthropod
  • Lichenoid_infection: Tinea_hyphae, plama_cells.
  • Lichen_planus: saw_tooth_rete_ridges.

    51. PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC.


  • Represents declarative sentences in algebraic form.
  • Logical operators: NOT, AND, INCLUSIVE_OR, EXCLUSIVE_OR, IMPLIES,....
  • Aristotle (384-322 BC). Modernized by George Boole (1815-1864).
  • Proposition: statement that may be evaluated as true or false, not both, not neither.
  • Every statement always HAS a true_false value.
  • Statement both true and false: INCONSISTENCY.
  • Syntactically correct namespace is always consistent.

    52. RULES OF PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC.


  • Double Negative Rule: --p = +p.
  • DeMorgan's Rules: -(+p|+q) = (-p&-q); and -(+p&+q) = (-p|-q)
  • Distributive Rules: ((+p|+q)&+r) = ((+p&+r)|(+q&+r)); and ((+p&+q)|+r) = ((+p|+r)&(+q|+r)).
  • Whitehead-Russell Transformation: (+p⇒+q) = (-p|+q)

    53. NAND.


  • NAND ("not_and"): most fundamental operation of classical logic.
  • All other logic operations: constructible from NAND.
  • NANDSET: Set of propositions that are nanded to one another.
  • Invented by American philosopher Charles S. Peirce (1839-1914).
  • Known as Scheffer's stroke or Scheffer's dee, δ, by logicians.

    54. NANDSET.


  • Nandset that contains an element and its exact negation is vacuous.
  • Empty nandset is inconsistent.
  • If nandset X is a subset of set Y, then set Y is also a nandset.
  • These properties of nandsets: basis for mathematical proofs.

    55. LIVE NANDSET THEOREM PROVER.



  • Click on the SUBMIT button.


    56. POSSIBLE WORLDS / POSSIBLE PATIENTS MODEL.


  • Possible patient description: is a set that contains anypatient (∀), and:
  • Exactly one true_false value for each proposition.
  • Example: four possible patient descriptions for two propositions skin_biopsy and basal_cell_carcinoma:
    {+∀, +skin_biopsy, +squamous_cell_carcinoma}
    {+∀, +skin_biopsy, -squamous_cell_carcinoma},
    {+∀, -skin_biopsy, +squamous_cell_carcinoma},
    {+∀, -skin_biopsy, -squamous_cell_carcinoma}.

  • Generally: 2n possible patient descriptions for n propositions.
  • Set of all possible patient descriptions: truth table.

    57. MATHEMATICAL THEOREM.


  • Mathematically precise statement, provable by deductive, step-by-step argument.
  • Similar to arguments in Euclid's (330-275 BC) Elements.
  • Not all true statements are provable (Gödel, 1931).
  • All provable statements are true.

    58. MATHEMATICAL THEOREMS IN RELATIONSPACE.


  • Theorem §1. Consistency of Namespace.
  • Theorem §2. Identity.
  • Theorem §3. Or-expansion.
  • Theorem §4. Telescoping.
  • Theorem §5. Contextualization.
  • Theorem §6. Intercalation.
  • Theorem §7. Retirement.

    59. THEOREM §1. CONSISTENCY OF NAMESPACE. 

    
 +∀
    +p
       +q
          ...
             +r
                +t
                +u
             +s
                   ...
    is consistent.

    60. THEOREM §2. IDENTITY. 

    
 +p
    +p

    61. THEOREM §3. OR-EXPANSION. 

    
 +p                      +p
    +q         ⇒           +q
                            +q
                            +q
                            ...

    62. THEOREM §4. TELESCOPING. 

    
 +p                      +p
    +q         ⇒            +u
       +r                      
          +s                   
             +t                 
                 +u

    63. THEOREM §5. CONTEXTUALIZATION. 

    
 +p                      +p
    +p         ⇒            +q
       +q                      +r
    +p                         +s
       +r
       +s

    64. THEOREM §6. INTERCALATION.


    Procedure for inserting (intercalating) a new subhierarchy into the hierarchy, while not disturbing the remaining hierarchy. 
    
 +p                      +p
    +p                      +q
       +q         ⇒         +r
       +r
    +p
       +s
       +t

    65. THEOREM §7. RETIREMENT.


    Procedure for removing a subhierarchy (obsolete concept), without disturbing the remainder of the hierarchy. 
    
 +p                      +p
    +p            ⇒         +q
       +q
       +r
    +p
       -r

    66. MATHEMATICAL THEOREMS: PROOF STRATEGIES.


  • Translate the statement into nandsets.
  • Verify that all nandsets are negative.
  • Example: +p ⇒ (+q ⇒ +p).
  • Whitehead/Russell Transformation: -p|-q|+p.
  • Nandset: {+p,+q,-p}.
  • Since ±p∈{+p,+q,-p}, the nandset is vacuous, and the theorem is proved.

    67. THEOREMS OF CLASSICAL/MODAL LOGIC.


  • 1.1. CCpCqrCCpqCpr. Restated: (+p ⇒ (+q ⇒ +r)) ⇒ ((+p ⇒ +q) ⇒ (+p ⇒ +r)).
    Proof: Nandsets {-p,-p,+p,-r}, {-p,+q,+p,-r}, {-q,-p,+p,-r}, {-q,+q,+p,-r}, {+r,-p,+p,-r}, and {+r,+q,+p,-r} are vacuous.
    Live Proof:

    1.1.1. Nandset {-p,-p,+p,-r}:

    1.1.2. Nandset {-p,+q,+p,-r}:

    1.1.3. Nandset {-q,-p,+p,-r}:

    1.1.4. Nandset {-q,+q,+p,-r}:

    1.1.5. Nandset {+r,-p,+p,-r}:

    1.1.6. Nandset {+r,+q,+p,-r}:

  • 1.2. CpCqp. Restated: +p ⇒ (+q ⇒ +p).
    Proof: Nandset: {+p,+q,-p} is vacuous.
    Live Proof:

  • 1.3. CCpqCpp. Restated: (+p ⇒ +q) ⇒ (+p ⇒ +p).
    Proof: Nandsets {-p,+p,-p} and {+q,+p,-p}. are vacuous.
    Live Proof:

  • 1.4. Cpp. Restated: (+p ⇒ +p).
    Proof: Nandset {+p,-p} is vacuous.
    Live Proof:

  • 1.5. CCpqCCqrCpr. Restated: (+p ⇒ +q) ⇒ ((+q ⇒ +r) ⇒ (+p ⇒ +r)).
    Proof: Nandsets {-p,-p,+p,-r}, {-p,+r,+p,-r}, {+q,-p,+p,-r}, and {+q,+r,+p,-r} are vacuous.
    Live Proof:

    1.5.1. Nandset {-p,-p,+p,-r}:

    1.5.2. Nandset {-p,+r,+p,-r}:

    1.5.3. Nandset {+q,-p,+p,-r}:

    1.5.4. Nandset {+q,+r,+p,-r}:

    68. SUMMARY OF RESULTS.


  • Mathematical consistency.
  • 200 theorems of classical and modal logic.
  • Intercalation Theorem (inserting new concepts).
  • Retirement Theorem (removing obsolete concepts).

    69. CONCLUSIONS.


  • Organize knowledge of mucosal surface pathology.
  • Format of the semantic worldwide web.
  • Incorporates clinical and pathologic findings.

    4. APPENDIX A. PROOFS.



    THEOREM §1. CONSISTENCY OF NAMESPACE. 
    
 +∀
    +p
       +q
          ...
             +r
                +t
                +u
             +s
                   ...
    is consistent.
    Proof: It suffices construct a set for which no nandset in the namespace hierarchy is a subset. Construct the set {+∀,+p,+q,+r,+s,+t,+u}. The nandsets of the namespace hierarchy are: {+∀,-p}, {+∀,+p,-q}, {+∀,+p,+q,...,-r,-s}, {+∀,+p,+q,...,+s,...}, and {+∀,+p,+q,...,+r,-t,-u},.... The constructed set is not a superset of any of the namespace hierarchy nandsets.
    THEOREM §2. IDENTITY. 
    
 +p
    +p

    Proof: Restated: (+p ⇒ +p). Nandset: {+p,-p} is vacuous.
    Live Proof:

    THEOREM §3. OR-EXPANSION. 
    
 +p                      +p
    +q         ⇒           +q
                            +q
                            +q
                            ...

    Proof: Restated: ((+p ⇒ +q) ⇒ (+p ⇒ (+q |+q |+q |...)). Nandsets {-p,+p,-q,-q,-q,...} and {+q,+p,-q,-q,-q, ...} are vacuous.
    Live Proof:

    THEOREM §4. TELESCOPING. 
    
 +p                      +p
    +q         ⇒            +r
       +r

    Proof (abbreviated): Restated: ((+p ⇒ +q) & ((+p & +q) ⇒ +r)) ⇒ (+p ⇒ +s). Nandset {+p,-q,+p,+q,-r,+r} is vacuous.
    Live Proof:

    THEOREM §5. CONTEXTUALIZATION. 
    
 +p                      +p
    +p         ⇒            +q
       +q                      +r
    +p                         +s
       +r
       +s

    Proof: Restated: (+p ⇒ (+r|+s)) ⇒ ((+p & +q) ⇒ (+r|+s)). Nandsets {-p,+p,+q,-r,-s}, {+r,+p,+q,-r,-s}, and {+s,+p,+q,-r,-s} are vacuous.
    Live Proof:

    THEOREM §6. INTERCALATION.
    Procedure for inserting (intercalating) a new subhierarchy into the hierarchy, while not disturbing the remaining hierarchy. 
    
 +p                      +p
    +p                      +q
       +q         ⇒         +r
       +r
    +p
       +s
       +t

    Proof: Restated: ((+p ⇒ (+q|+r)) & (+p ⇒ (+s|+t)) ⇒ (+p ⇒ (+q|+r)). Nandsets: {-p,-p,+p,-q,-r}, {-p,+s,+p,-q,-r}, {-p,+t,+p,-q,-r}, {+q,-p,+p,-q,-r}, {+q,+s,+p,-q,-r}, {+q,+t,+p,-q,-r}, {+r,-p,+p,-q,-r}, {+r,+s,+p,-q,-r}, and {+r,+t,+p,-q,-r}, are vacuous.
    Live Proof:

    THEOREM §7. RETIREMENT.
    Procedure for removing a subhierarchy (obsolete concept), without disturbing the remainder of the hierarchy. 
    
 +p                      +p
    +p            ⇒         +q
       +q
       +r
    +p
       -r

    Proof: Restated: ((+p ⇒ (+q|+r)) & (+p ⇒ -r)) ⇒ (+p ⇒ +q) Nandsets {-p,-p,+p,-q}, {-p,-r,+p,-q}, {+q,-p,+p,-q}, {+q,-r,+p,-q}, {+r,-p,+p,-q}, and {+r,-r,+p,-q}, are vacuous.
    Live Proof:

    5. APPENDIX B. RDF RESOURCES.



    Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a family of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) specifications originally designed as a metadata model but which has come to be used as a general method of modeling information, through a variety of syntax formats.

    The RDF metadata model is based upon the idea of making statements about resources in the form of subject-predicate-object expressions, called triples in RDF terminology. The subject denotes the resource, and the predicate denotes traits or aspects of the resource and expresses a relationship between the subject and the object. For example, one way to represent the notion "The sky has the color blue" in RDF is as a triple of specially formatted strings: a subject denoting "the sky", a predicate denoting "has the color", and an object denoting "blue".

    This mechanism for describing resources is a major component in what is proposed by the W3C's Semantic Web activity: an evolutionary stage of the World Wide Web in which automated software can store, exchange, and use machine-readable information distributed throughout the web, in turn enabling users to deal with the information with greater efficiency and certainty. RDF's simple data model and ability to model disparate, abstract concepts has also led to its increasing use in knowledge management applications unrelated to Semantic Web activity.

    Download RDF Syntax Resource:
    http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
    Download Human Disease Resource:
    http://obo.cvs.sourceforge.net/*checkout*/obo/obo/ontology/phenotype/human_disease.obo


    Download Human Anatomy Resource:
    http://obo.cvs.sourceforge.net/obo/obo/ontology/anatomy/gross_anatomy/animal_gross_anatomy/human/human-dev-anat-abstract.obo?view=markup

    6. APPENDIX C. SAMPLE HIERARCHY.

     +anypatient
    +skin_disease_recognition
       +major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
          +lichenoid_pattern
             +lichen_planus
                +civatte_body_prominent
                +band_like_inflammation
                +wedge_hypergranulosis
                +hypertrophic_form
                +lichen_simplex_chronicus
                +....
             +lichen_planus_variant
             +lichen_nitidus
             +lichen_striatus
             +....
          +interface_dermatitis_pattern
          +psoriasiform_pattern
          +spongiotic_pattern
          +vesiculobullous_pattern
          +granulomatous_pattern
          +vasculopathic_pattern
          +....

    7. APPENDIX D. SAMPLE RDF/XML ABSTRACT.

     Identifier:medparsedermpath:Anypatient
 Class Label:Anypatient
 versionInfo (required):0.3183099
 Registration Authority (required):Bill Moore
 Language:en
 Obligation:optional
 Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
 Cardinality (required):/[0-9]+/
 Datatype: Literal
 comment:
 subClassOf:Class
 Contributor:Bill Moore
 Date_of_contribution:8-11-2007
    Generic Header: 
     <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
          xmlns:dermpathterms="http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/">
   <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/index.html">
      <dermpathterms:creation-date>August 11, 2007</dermpathterms:creation-date>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>


    Sample Anypatient Header: 
     <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
          xmlns:dermpathterms="http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/">
          xmlns:dermpathmaster="http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm">
   <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/index.html">
   </rdf:Description>
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:anypatient
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:anypatient
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:Class
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:skin_disease_recognition
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:skin_disease_recognition
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:anypatient
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:skin_disease_recognition
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                        
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:lichenoid_pattern
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:lichenoid_pattern
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                       
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:lichen_planus
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:lichen_planus
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichenoid_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:civatte_body_prominent
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:civatte_body_prominent
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichen_planus
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:band_like_inflammation
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:band_like_inflammation
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichen_planus
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:wedge_hypergranulosis
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:wedge_hypergranulosis
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichen_planus
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:hypertrophic_form
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:hypertrophic_form
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichen_planus
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:lichen_simplex_chronicus
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:lichen_simplex_chronicus
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichen_planus
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:lichen_planus_variant
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:lichen_planus_variant
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichenoid_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:lichen_nitidus
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:lichen_nitidus
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichenoid_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:lichen_striatus
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:lichen_striatus
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:lichenoid_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:interface_dermatitis_pattern
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:interface_dermatitis_pattern
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:psoriasiform_pattern
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:psoriasiform_pattern
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:spongiotic_pattern
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:spongiotic_pattern
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:vesiculobullous_pattern
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:vesiculobullous_pattern
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:granulomatous_pattern
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:granulomatous_pattern
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
   </rdf:RDF>
                         
                         
   <rdf:RDF>
   <rdf:Identifier:medparsedermpath:vasculopathic_pattern
   </rdf:Identifier>
   <rdf:Class_Label:vasculopathic_pattern
   </rdf:Class_Label>
   <rdf:versionInfo:0.3183099
   </rdf:versionInfo>
   <rdf:Registration_Authority:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Registration_Authority>
   <rdf:Language:en
   </rdf:Language>
   <rdf:Obligation:optional
   </rdf:Obligation>
   <rdf:Maximum occurrence:Unlimited
   </rdf:Maximum occurrence>
   <rdf:Cardinality:/[0-9]+/
   </rdf:Cardinality>
   <rdf:Datatype:Literal
   </rdf:Datatype>
   <rdf:comment:
   </rdf:comment>
   <rdf:subClassOf:major_tissue_reaction_noninfectious_inflammatory_pattern
   </rdf:subClassOf>
   <rdf:Contributor:http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/gwmcv.htm
   </rdf:Contributor>
   <rdf:Date_of_contribution:8-12-2007
   </rdf:Date_of_contribution>
 </rdf:RDF>

    8. APPENDIX E. Perl SCRIPT FOR xml TEMPLATE.

    http://www.gwmoore.org/dermpath/dermtmpl.cgi

    Perl scripts:
    mucoprvr.cgi : Consistency/theorem prover.
    dermprop.cgi : Property generator.
    dermtmpl.cgi : RDF/XML template generator.
    PURPOSE OF RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FRAMEWORK (RDF).


    1. The purpose of RDF is to promulgate a standard for data representation that can be read automatically by web-crawlers throughout the internet, such as google.com and yahoo.com.

    2. An abstracted RDF file is a hierarchical list, easily read by human readers.

    3. An ONTOLOGY is a Platonic description of essential reality.

    4. Contrast: what one can see (observation, accident); what one can know (epistemology); what one can believe (doxology); other aspects of perceiving reality.

    5. Metaphysical commitments or presuppositions embodied in natural sciences.

    6. Example: belief that a cancer can metastasize.

    7. In medical informatics, ontology is a structured list of concepts and relations among concepts.

    8. Eventually, an ontology should be prepared by an expert or panel of experts. For example, the AJCC/UICC Tumor Staging Manual, Sixth Edition, is an ontology of tumor prognosis. The bigger the tumor, the worse the prognosis.

    9. There are currently no PUBLIC RDF ontologies focused upon skin diseases.

    TRANSFER DAUGHTER FILE, dermdhtr.txt,
    INTO .xml-FORMATTED MODULE, $dermxmlm.txt


    10. Each line in the input daughter-file, dermdhtr.txt, generates one template in the .xml-formatted output module, $dermxmlm.txt.

    11. Each daughter has exactly one mother.

    12. The zeroth (implicit) daughter is Class.

    13. The first daughter is Anypatient.

    14. Each daughter line is split by a plus-sign, +.

    15. Blanks before + represent INDENTATION.

    16. The first daughter, Anypatient, is indented with a SINGLE BLANK SPACE.

    17. Each subsequent line in the daughter-file, dermdhtr.txt, is indented EXACTLY THREE SPACES RIGHT of its mother.

    18. All sisters are at the same level of indentation.

    19. Each daughter generates exactly one RDF module in the .xml-formatted output module, $dermxmlm.txt. 

     Variables:
 INPTPATH: Internal name for input daughter file, dermdhtr.txt.
 OUTPPATH: Internal name for output .xml-module, $dermxmlm.txt
 $tmplt[]: Boilerplate variable for .xml-module, $dermxmlm.txt
 $daughter[]: Daughter-array, corresponding to lines in file dermdhtr.txt.
 $mother[]: Mother-array, corresponding to lines in file dermdhtr.txt.
 $iline: line number for lines in input file, dermdhtr.txt.
 $inline: current input line text in input file, dermdhtr.txt.
 $nrlines: number of input text lines in input file, dermdhtr.txt.
 $splft: current input line text in input file, dermdhtr.txt, left of +.
 $sprgt: current input line text in input file, dermdhtr.txt, right of +.
 $lensplft: length of $splft.
 $lensprgt: length of $sprgt.
 $depth[]: depth of indentation for the line.

    9. APPENDIX F. ZEMAN'S MODAL LOGIC THEOREMS.

    http://www.netautopsy.org/dermpath/dermzema.htm


    1. Zeman J.
    Modal Logic, The Lewis-Modal Systems.
    Oxford: Oxford at the Clarendon Press. 1973;:.
    ISBN not stated, 302 pages.

    2. Łukasiewicz J.
    Elementy Logiki Matematycznej.
    Warsaw. 1929;:.
    as cited in Zeman, 1973.

    3. Łukasiewicz J.
    A system of Modal Logic.
    The Journal of Computing Systems. 1953;1:111-149.
    as cited in Zeman, 1973.

    4. Łukasiewicz J.
    Arithmetic and Modal Logic.
    The Journal of Computing Systems. 1953;1:213-219.
    as cited in Zeman, 1973.

    5. Łukasiewicz J.
    On a Controversial Problem of Aristotle's Modal Syllogistic.
    Dominican Studies. 1954;7:114-123.
    as cited in Zeman, 1973.

    10. APPENDIX G. REFERENCES.



    1. Weedon D.
    Skin Pathology. Second Edition.
    New York: Churchill Livingstone. 2002;:.
    ISBN: 0443070695, 1100 pages.

    2. Barnhill R.
    Textbook of Dermatopathology. Second Edition.
    New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. 2004;:.
    ISBN: 0071396608, 912 pages.

    3. Macdonald D, Ben-Gashir M, Robson A.
    Dermatopathology.
    New York: Blackwell Publishing, Inc. 2007;:.
    ISBN: 1405107790, 528 pages.

    4. Brehmer-Andersson E.
    Dermatopathology. First Edition.
    New York: Springer. 2006;:.
    ISBN: 354030245X, 254 pages.

    5. McKee PH, Calonje JE, Granter SR.
    Pathology of the Skin. With CD-ROMs and with Clinical Correlations. Third Edition.
    New York: Mosby. 2005;:.
    ISBN: 0323036724, 2112 pages.

    6. McKee PH.
    Essential Skin Pathology (Paperback)
    New York: Mosby. 1999;:.
    ISBN: 0723430675, 256 pages.

    7. Farmer E, Hood AF.
    Pathology of the Skin (Hardcover)
    Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional; 2 edition. 1999;:.
    ISBN: 0838580793, 987 pages.

    8. Venkataram M.
    Fundamentals of Pathology of Skin.
    New York: Anshan Ltd; 2nd Rev edition. 2006;:.
    ISBN: 1904798691, 214 pages.

    9. Murphy GF.
    Dermatopathology. A Practical Guide to Common Disorders.
    Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company. 1995;:.
    ISBN 0-7216-2418-9, 505 pages.

    11. APPENDIX H. NOTES.

    http://www.netautopsy.org/mucoarch.htm

    Last updated: 3/4/2008, by G. William Moore, MD, PhD.